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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">folklore</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фольклор: структура, типология, семиотика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Folklore: Structure, Typology, Semiotics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-5294</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2658-5294-2019-2-4-12-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">folklore-64</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Тексты Пирамид» и проблема не-«классического» мифа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Pyramid Texts and the problem of non-“classical” myth</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alexandrova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, Миусская пл., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>bld. 6, Miusskaya Sq., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ev-alexandrova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Александрова Е.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Александрова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alexandrova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://folklore.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/64">https://folklore.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/64</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена рассмотрению подходов к анализу мифа в Египте эпохи Древнего царства. Последние исследования, посвященные «Текстам Пирамид», практически не используют эту категорию. Учитывая, что этот корпус религиозных текстов является важнейшим источником для любых дискуссий о мифе в эту эпоху, такие исследовательские стратегии могут рассматриваться как практическое воплощение тезиса Я. Ассмана об отсутствии мифа в Египте до эпохи Среднего царства. В данной статье основные положения работы Я. Ассмана сопоставляются с современными ей исследованиями Е.М. Мелетинского. Бегло упомянутая Е.М. Мелетинским категория «классического мифа» помогает прояснить суть затруднений, возникающих у египтологов, поскольку отсутствие нарративной организации и этиологической функции в ранних египетских текстах и приводит исследователей к отрицанию существования мифа и поиску иных категорий. Эти проблемы удачно разрешаются в подходе, развиваемом К. Гёбс, предлагающей перспективную модель для описания египетской мифологии и ритуальной практики не только в Древнем царстве, но и в диахронной перспективе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article analyses several approaches to the study of myth in the Old Kingdom of Egypt. The recent works on the Pyramid Texts by H. Hays and A. Morales seem to regard the category of myth as somewhat irrelevant to this subject. Despite being mentioned in the introduction, the term is not used in analysis and interpretation of the Pyramid Texts as such. Since this corpus of religious texts forms the most important base for any discussion on myth in the Old Kingdom, it seems to be a practical implementation of J. Assmann’s hypothesis of the absence of myth in the age of pyramids. The present author reconsiders the main points of Assmann’s evaluation of myth in relation to the theory of myth proposed by E.M. Meletinsky. There seem to be a notion of ‘classical myth’, characterized by narrative organization and etiological function, which is usually regarded as myth par excellence. Assmann’s argumentation highlights aspects of early Egyptian texts which prevent them from being regarded as ‘classical myth’. Usually this results in avoidance of this category altogether as mentioned above. There is however another attitude to myth, developed by K. Goebs, who suggests a very useful model for integral description of Egyptian religion and ritual practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>«Тексты Пирамид»</kwd><kwd>миф</kwd><kwd>ритуал</kwd><kwd>религия Древнего Египта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pyramid Texts</kwd><kwd>myth</kwd><kwd>ritual</kwd><kwd>Ancient Egyptian religion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрова 2012 – Александрова Е.В. Мифологический сценарий: миф в раннем религиозном тексте // Исторические, философские, политические и юридические науки, культурология и искусствоведение: Вопросы теории и практики. 2012. № 6. Ч. 2. С. 16–18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexandrova, E.V. 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