<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">folklore</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фольклор: структура, типология, семиотика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Folklore: Structure, Typology, Semiotics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-5294</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2658-5294-2025-8-1-10-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">folklore-348</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Встреча в лесу:  «образец» и «инструкция» в культуре коммуникации средневековой Ирландии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>An encounter in the forest. Samples and instructions in the culture of communication in Medieval Ireland</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-6260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>T. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна А. Михайлова, доктор филологических наук</p><p>125009, Россия, Москва, Б. Кисловский пер., д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Mikhailova, Dr. of Sci. (Philology)</p><p>1, Bolshoi Kislovskii Lane, Moscow, 125009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tamih.msu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт языкознания РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова Т.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhailova T.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://folklore.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/348">https://folklore.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/348</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследование посвящено сопоставлению двух типов коммуникации с мифологическим персонажем, зависящих от жанра нарратива. Так, в быличке встреченный мифологический персонаж воспринимается как потенциальный агрессор, и его следует особым образом «отогнать», желательно – при помощи бранных слов. В волшебной сказке мифологический персонаж может выступить в функции дарителя и воздаст за проявленную к нему вежливость. Неверная оценка типов реальности может сама стать объектом наррации. В качестве материала привлекаются две древнеирландские саги, в которых описана встреча пяти братьев во время охоты с монструозной женщиной, предлагающей им соединиться с ней. В первом тексте все братья, кроме одного, отказываются, а последний соглашается и за это получает власть над Ирландией. Во втором исходная ситуация та же, однако монструозная женщина оказывается их переодетой двоюродной сестрой и соперницей. Все браться соглашаются соединиться с ней, но оказываются связанными и порабощенными. Сопоставительный анализ двух текстов опирается на включение в материал точки зрения компилятора и его предполагаемой аудитории, а также противопоставление языческого предания и его христианской интерпретации. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the study of two types of communication with a mythological character. The protagonist’s tactics depend on the narrative genre. In the bylichka-tale a mythological character is represented as a potential aggressor and must be driven away, presumably by swear words. In a fairy tale the same mythological character could on the contrary have a function of a magic helper or a donor. He rewards the protagonist for his politeness and kindness. An erroneous assessment of the kind of ‘reality’ can itself become the object of narration. Two Old Irish tales are studied in a contrastive comparison. In both tales an encounter of five hunting brothers with a monstrous woman is described. She proposes to copulate with her to each of them. In the first tale (on the sons of Eochaid) only Niall agrees to this demand, and as a reward receives the sovereignty over Ireland. In the second, the initial situation is the same, but the monstrous woman turns out to be their cousin and rival in disguise. All brothers agree to copulate with her, but find themselves bound and enslaved. The comparative analysis of the two texts is based on the inclusion of the point of view of the compiler and its intended audience in the material; as well as the opposition of pagan tradition and its Christian interpretation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>брань в фольклоре</kwd><kwd>оберег</kwd><kwd>мифологический персонаж</kwd><kwd>проказа</kwd><kwd>коммуникация</kwd><kwd>былички</kwd><kwd>древнеирландские предания</kwd><kwd>образ женщины-власти</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>swearing in folk tradition</kwd><kwd>apotropaic texts</kwd><kwd>mythological character</kwd><kwd>leper</kwd><kwd>communication</kwd><kwd>folk tales</kwd><kwd>Old Irish mythology</kwd><kwd>woman as a symbol of sovereignty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Михайлова 2021 – Михайлова Т.А. Святой Киаран – карающая длань? // Атлантика: Записки по исторической поэтике. Вып. 17 / отв. ред. Т.А. Михайлова. М.: МАКС Пресс, 2021. С. 55–73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borsje, J. (1996), From chaos to enemy. Encounter with monsters in Early Irish texts. An investigation related to the process of Christianization and the concept of evil, Brepols Publishers, Turnhout, Belgium.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borsje 1996 – Borsje J. From chaos to enemy. Encounter with monsters in Early Irish texts. An investigation related to the process of Christianization and the concept of evil. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 1996. 430 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bourke, A. (1999), The burning of Bridget Cleary. A true story, Pimlico, London, UK.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bourke 1999 – Bourke A. The burning of Bridget Cleary. A true story. L.: Pimlico, 1999. 240 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Breatnach, R.A. (1953), “The lady and the king. A theme of Irish literature”, Studies, vol. 43, pp. 321–336.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Breatnach 1953 – Breatnach R.A. The lady and the king. A theme of Irish literature // Studies. 1953. Vol. 43. P. 321–336.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carey, J. (1995), “On the interrelationships of some ‘Cin Dromma Snechtai’ texts”, Ériu, vol. 46, pp. 71–92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carey 1995 – Carey J. On the interrelationships of some ‘Cin Dromma Snechtai’ texts // Éiu. 1995. Vol. 46. P. 71–92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eberly, S. (1988), “Fairies and folklore of disability. Changelings, hybrids and solitary fairy”, Folklore, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 58–77.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eberly 1988 – Eberly S. Fairies and folklore of disability. Changelings, hybrids and solitary fairy // Folklore. 1988. Vol. 99. No. 1. P. 58–77.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eichhorn-Mulligan, A.C. (2006), “The anatomy of power and the miracle of kingship. The female body of sovereignty in a Medieval Irish kingship tale”, Speculum, vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 1014–1054.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eichhorn-Mulligan 2006 – Eichhorn-Mulligan A.C. The anatomy of power and the miracle of kingship. The female body of sovereignty in a Medieval Irish kingship tale // Speculum. 2006. Vol. 81. No. 4. P. 1014–1054.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fumaroli, M. (1982), “Les enchantements de l’éloquence: Les Fées de Charles Perrault ou de la littérature”, in Fumaroli, M., ed., Le statut de la littérature. Mélanges offerts à Paul Bénichou, Droz, Geneva, Switzerland, pp.153–186. Fumaroli, M. (2014), “Les Contes de Perrault et leur sens second: l’éloge de la modernité du siècle de Louis le Grand”, Revue d’histoire littéraire de la</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fumaroli 1982 – Fumaroli M. Les enchantements de l’éloquence: Les Fées de Charles Perrault ou de la littérature // Le statut de la littérature. Mélanges offerts à Paul Bénichou. Geneva: Droz, 1982. P. 153–186.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">France, vol. 114, no. 4, pp. 775–796.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fumaroli 2014 – Fumaroli M. Les Contes de Perrault et leur sens second: l’éloge de la modernité du siècle de Louis le Grand // Revue d’histoire littéraire de la France. 2014. Vol. 114. No. 4. P. 775–796.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jenkins, R.P. (1977), “Witches and fairies. Supernatural aggression and deviance among Irish peasantry”, Ulster Folklore, vol. 23, p. 33–56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jenkins 1977 – Jenkins R.P. Witches and fairies. Supernatural aggression and deviance among Irish peasantry // Ulster Folklore. 1977. Vol. 23. P. 33–56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mac Cana, Pr. (1956), “Aspects of the theme of king and goddess in Irish literature”, Études celtiques, vol. 7, pp. 356–413.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mac Cana 1956 – Mac Cana Pr. Aspects of the theme of king and goddess in Irish literature // Études celtiques. 1956. Vol. 7. P. 356–413.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mac Cana, Pr. (1980), The learned tales of Medieval Ireland, DIAS, Dublin, Ireland.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mac Cana 1980 – Mac Cana Pr. The learned tales of Medieval Ireland. Dublin: DIAS, 1980. 168 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mac Eoin, G. (1978), “Suithchern and Ronán Dicolla”, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie, Bd. 36, SS. 63–82.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mac Eoin 1978 – Mac Eoin G. Suithchern and Ronán Dicolla // Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie. 1978. Bd. 36. S. 63–82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhailova, T.A. (2021), “St. Ciaran. A puniching hand?”, in Mikhailova, T.A., ed., Atlantika: Zapiski po istoricheskoi poetike [Attantica. Studies on historical poetics], iss. 17, Maks-Press, Moscow, Russia, pp. 55–73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Passmore 2008 – Passmore S.E. Prophecy and counsel in the kingship tale of Niall Noígallach // Essays on the Early Irish king tales / ed. by D.M. Wiley. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2008. P. 148–169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Passmore, S.E. (2008), “Prophecy and counsel in the kingship tale of Niall Noígallach”, in Wiley, D.M., ed., Essays on the Early Irish king tales, Four Courts Press, Dublin, Ireland, pp. 148–169.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schulenburg 1985 – Schulenburg J.T. The heroics of virginity. Brides of Christ and sacrificial mutation // Women of the Medieval world. Essays in honour of John H. Mundy / ed. by J. Kirshner, S. Wemple. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985. P. 29–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schulenburg, J.T. (1985), “The heroics of virginity. Brides of Christ and sacrificial mutation”, in Kirshner, J. and Wemple, S., eds., Women of the Medieval world. Essays in honour of John H. Mundy, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, UK, pp. 29–72.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trindade 1986 – Trindade W.A. Irish Gormlaith as a sovereignty figure // Études celtiques. 1986. Vol. 22. P. 143–156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trindade, W.A. (1986), “Irish Gormlaith as a sovereignty figure”, Études celtiques, 1986, vol. 22. pp. 143–156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
